Improvement in plows



- .asl'lee is I MARTIN L. GIBBS. 108699 v Improvements in PIOVB s Y OCT 25 1 2 Sheets Sheet 2.

MARTIN L. Guess.

E mgarovemenfs' in Flows.

at J.

MARTIN L. GIBBS,

or CANTON, ou-Io.

' Letters Patent No. 108,699, dated October 25, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLOWS; J

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patentand making part of the same.

, I, MARTIN L Gums, of Canton, in the county of Stark in the State of Ohio, have invented certain Improvements in Plows, of which the following is a specification.

Nata-re and Objects of the Iiwention.

board and. share of corresponding formations, that is to say, with grooves' and holes countersunk in the bearing-faces of the mold-board and share, so that there shall he a mutual adaptation of these parts to their places on the standard, the result of which will be strength and durability; but the main object of this construction is that a cast-steel mold-board and share ot'siinilar general form, but as thin and as light as the superior toughness and strength of that material would render adinissable, shall be bolted to the standard over these flanges, without changing the form or position of the wearing--aces of such mold-board and share, and, consequently, without changingthe set or running of the plow, and the share might be changed without changing the mold-board, and 'bib'l? verso.

The second palt of my invention relates to the construction, in like .inarincr, ofa handle-flange on the land-side of such form, as to aflord a hearing for the upper-edge of the lower end of the handle, as well as the lower and abutting end thereof itself, so that, when the handle is pressed endwise, it will he sustained by the metal bearing, and when the outer'end of the handle is pressed downward perpendicular to ,its line of direction, the lower and also is prevented from yielding upward by such metal hearing, so that there will be but a slight strain in the use oi'thc plow upon the pin by which the handle is fastened to the land-side, and this construction is fnrtl'ier useful in the formation of the strong quadrilateral hereinafter more fully described, consisting of the roar part of the beam, the standard, the land-side, and the handle. These parts so mutually sustain each other as to resist the severest strain in the use of the plow, and, therefore, render any special brace between the beam and standard unnecessary, thus reducing the weight and cost of constructing the plow, us well as incrcasing its strength.

The third part of my invention relates to the construction of apeculiar fastening, by which the handle is secured to the rear end of the beam. lli; consists of a flat head-plate and two olamping-hol ts, arranged aud operated in such a manner as to make a secure and cheap fastening, and at the same time to secure the bolts and holes in the wood from exposure to the weather, and, coi'iscquently, from decay from that cause.

' Description of Acconqmnying Drawing. Figure 1 is a side view of a plow embodying my invention, taken from the mold-hoard side.

Figure 2 is a side view of the same, taken from the land-side.

Figure 3'is.a side view of the same, with cast-iron mold-board and share in position, takeu'from the moldboard side. i

the plow-standard.

Figure 5 is a side view of the land-side face of the plow-standard.

Figure (5 is a view of the bcaring-face of the cast-,

General Description.

The plow-standard G is cast of iron, in the general form shown, and the land-side face Q is countersunk in its side, as shown.

Around the faces of the mold-board'and share are furmed'the raised flanges 7; Z n 0 1; r, as shown in fig. 4, which are of 1 a height just equal to the difference in thickness between the mold-board and share, of cast-iron, and those of cast-steel, except at the upper ends of the flanges k and l, where those flangesgraduall y taper down to a leve with the face of the standard. 'lhe flange on has about double the width of any of the other flanges, and serves both as the seat for the upper edge of the cast-steel share and as a seat for the lower edge of the cast-steel mold-board.

The notchn is formed on the lower edge of the flange m, and the raised flange a and f are formed around the holes for the bolts e and f, which secure the mold-board and share to the standard, as shown in fig. 4.

On the bearing-111cc of the cast-iron mold-board 1 are formed the grooves l m k and the countersunk hole 6 as shown in ti". 8, said grooves and hole corresponding in position and size with the flange land Figure 4 is a side view of the mold-board face of 7., and one-half of the flange in, and the flange e, so that when the mold-board l is placed on the standard 0, the flanges Zm L c fit in the grooves Z m k and hole a", and thus prevent any movement of the mold-board on the standard, it being clamped thereto by the bolts (6 and c, which pass throughcorresponding holes in the mold-board and standard,'and are secured by screw-nuts on the inner side of the standard.

On the bearing-face of the cast-iron share U are formed the grooves 0' m n'p' r and the countersunk hole f, as shown in fig.6, such grooves and holes corresponding in position and size with the flanges 0, m, p, r, and f, on the standard 0, and the raised portion a, which divides the groove m, on the share U, into two parts, corresponding withthe notch n in the flange m, on the standards, so that, when the share U is placed upon the standard 0, the flanges on the standard fit into the corresponding grooves and holes in the share, and thus prevent anyinovement of the share on the standard, the bolt f serving simply as a clamping-bolt to bind the share to the standard.

The cast-steel mold-board l and share G are made without any grooves on their lower faces, and, when in position on the standard, rest on the faces of the flanges L I m 0 p 'r 1; f and as these. flanges are of just the height to make up the difference between the cast-iron and cast-steel parts, it is evident that the wearing-faces of the cast-steel parts will occupy precisely the same position as that occupied by the wearing-surfiices of cast-iron parts, so that the set of theplow will not be effected by-the change of either or both of these parts. The same bolts, (1 and e and f, whichsceure the cast-iron parts P and U to the standard C also serve to secure the cast-steel parts F and G to the standard, and the strap R, with its'bolts t and f, is used in connect-ion with both the parts P and U and the parts F and G, to unite the rear edges of said parts in a manner common in former constructions.

The flange could be divided by spaces into two or more parts, if desired, and the groove I may be made in separate parts, to correspond, so as to avoid'eutting out so much material across theface of the moldboard, and the raised flange a could also be omitted; but this would be objectionable, as" it would .remove the points of SllP'JOI'i; on which the'cast-steel share is.

clampedby the bolt; 0, and said share would be liable to be sprung by the strain applied to the bolt.

The cast-steel share G is made with lipg, which fits over the end of the standard (3, as shown in fig. 2, and the point I of the share G is beveled off on its underside, as shown in fig. 1 and 2,- and has the teat t at itscxt-reme end, and is. shown in fig. 7

The colter is notched out at its lower end and near corner, so as to form the strong hooked lip J, and the teat-hole T is formed at the head of this notch, as shown in fig.12.

The hooked lip J hooks under the beveled end I of e share fits in the the share G, andthe teat t 011 th hole T, as shown in figs. l and 2.

The upper end of the colter D being secured by the wedge E in a mortise in the beam A, it is'secn that the tendency is to raise rheeolter from the share by the springing of the beam upward, under a violent draft; but the hooked lip J prevents such raising of the colter, while the teat t prevents the colter from springing sidcwise out of position.

Bythis construction the tic-brace formerly used to hold the forward end of the beam and the standards in their relative positions can be dispensed with, thus leaving a clear space under the beam, and preventing fehcking up, while using the cast-iron share with the fluke coller.

The land-side H is of any ordinary form, and around the holes for the bolts gig, which secureit to the standard O, are cas the raised flanges g g, as shown in fig. 10. L

These hoiesg" are countersunk around the boltholes in the standard 0, and are of the same size as thoraised flanges g g on the land-side H, so that, when said land-side is placed inpositicn onthe standard, the raisedflanges g g fit in the holes g g, and thus prevent any movement of the land-side on the face of the standard.

The handle-flange K is cast on the inner face of the land-side H, around the upper side and end of the beam-handle B, which is secured to the land-side by the bolt H,'as shown in figs. 3 and 18.

This handle-flange K serves the twofold purpo e of preventing any sliding of the beam-handle down the face of the land-side, by reason of the springing upof the front end of the beam, and'of preventingthe lower end of the beam-handle from being split bya downward pressure upon the upper ends ofthe handle, acting around the end of the beam as a fulcrum.

The flat head-piece L of the hamlle-fast-eniug is let up into a mortise cut inthe underside of the beam A, as shown in fig. 2,. and the bent clamping-bolts M and N are inserted at the end of the beain,.an d screw into the head-piece L, the other end of said bolts .ex- 7 tended through the handle B, and beingsecured by nuts on the lower side, as shown in the drawing.

Both the upper bolt, N, and head-piece'L are kept below the upper surface of the beam A, so that the" upper surface of said beam, and the upper surface of the beam-handle, forms an unbroken surface, the result 6f which is, that the end of the beam and toe holes in the handle are protected-from inoistureand resulting decay. f

I am aware that plow-standards have been before constructed, in which a triangular depression was formed under the share, and a correspondingraised piece was raised on the rear face of the share, and I make no claim to such depression and raised piece, as such construction is different in principle, and much inferior to that herein specified, for the triangulandcpression on the standard was run out to nothing at the lower edge pf the standard, so that over said lower edge the cast-iron share was raised its full thicknessabove the seat; and, as the cast-iron share coul d not be made as thin.over the edge as the cast-steel sharo, without making it too weak to be'durable, it is evident that the wearing-surface of the cast-irou share would stand above the position occupied by the wearing-surface of the cast-steel share; as, for example, in the cylinder mold-board plow patented by' Joshua Gibbs, August 15, 1854, it the wearing-surface of the east-steel share were in the face of the cylinder-surface of the mold-board, the surface of the cast-iron share would be above it; or, in other words, by changing the shares, the wearing-surfitce 011 the furrow side would be distorted, and the running and set of v the plow would be changed; whereas, in my construction, I take small detached pieces from the bearing suriace of the cast-iron share, and attach them to the standard, and by this means form araised surface on the standard, to support the cast-steel share in the same position as that occupied by the cast-ironshare, thus effecting the desired result in a very cfiicient manner. y

I am also aware that fastenings have been before made for attaching-the end of the beam to the beamhandle,.and I lay no claim to such fastenings, except,

when made with a flat head-plate and two separate bent bolts, and arranged as shown underneath the sur' face of the beam, as hereinbefore specified.

Claims.

I claim as my invention- 1. The standard 0, constructcdwrth the raised flanges k 2 m n op 1, in combination with the cast-iron mold-board P, and share If, having the countersunk grooves k I, 'm', o, m", m, p, and 1 formed in their hoaring-faces, whereby either the cast-iron mold-board or share may be replaced by a cast-steelmold-board or share, without changing other parts, or afieoting the stantiall as before specified and showm 4 2. The combination of the plow-standard 6, pro- 'vided with the countersunk holes 9 gfllaud-side H, I provided with raised bolt-hole flangcsg! g and handleflange K, beam-handle B, bcam- A, the several parts form or position of the wearing-faces oftlie plow, sub

being constructed andjarranged substantially as described.

3. In the construction of plows, the handle-fasteningL M N, consisting of the flat l1cad-plateL,mid the bent clamping-bolts M N, andthe several parts constructed and arranged substantially as described.

As evidence of the foregoing, witness my hand this 3d day of May, A. I), 1870.

MARTIK L. GIBBS.

Witnesses 2 Jon ABBOTT,

Axmmw Cnorrn'. 

